Interrelations between metformin administration and vitamin B12 concentrations in a black South African diabetic cohort: a retrospective cohort analysis
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant global health issue, being a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a prevalent complication associated with diabetes mellitus and poses a substantial risk for lower limb amputations. In the region of KwaZulu-Natal alone, over 20 000 individuals are diagnosed annually with diabetes and begin treatment.3 Metformin is universally recommended as the primary treatment option for T2DM, as per both international and national guidelines.
Relationship between glycaemic control and the severity of erectile dysfunction in men with diabetes attending the diabetic clinic at Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as the inability to achieve or sustain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance. ED commonly affects men as they age, particularly those who have comorbidities. ED is usually underreported by patients and not given as much attention as other medical conditions by healthcare workers. Patients with ED can be treated. The importance of detecting ED is that it is a marker for cardiovascular disease. ED may precede the onset of cardiovascular disease, such as coronary artery disease, by several years.
Quality of life in participants with primary hypothyroidism on treatment at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital
Hypothyroidism is a common chronic endocrine condition characterised by abnormal functioning of the thyroid gland and failure to produce adequate thyroid hormones to satisfy the needs of all tissues. The worldwide population records a prevalence of up to 5% of hypothyroidism, and approximately 5% of the world population is still undiagnosed with this condition.
Prevalence of hyperglycaemic crisis among diabetes mellitus patients in Ethiopia, systematic review and meta-analysis
One of the most serious acute metabolic consequences of diabetes mellitus is hyperglycaemic crises. It is a potentially fatal yet avoidable consequence of diabetes mellitus. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS) are the two most prevalent hyperglycaemic crises. Patients with hyperglycaemic crisis are at high risk for all-cause mortality due to likely recurrence.2 Among all patients, nearly 10% of deaths are caused by DKA. It has resulted from a deficiency of circulating insulin and increased levels of the counter-regulatory hormones (glucagon, catecholamines, cortisol, and growth hormone). Mostly, DKA is caused by the new onset of diabetes (Type 1 DM), omission of insulin injections, interruption of insulin delivery, and inadequate management of an infection.
Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa - August 2024 Vol 29 No 2